An experimental outcome study of female inmates with trauma-related symptoms was conducted in a federal prison to examine the effectiveness of Traumatic Incident Reduction (TIR), a brief, memory-based, therapeutic intervention, on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and low expectancy of success. An experimental control group design was used to evaluate the efficacy of TIR in a prison setting. The Posttraumatic Symptom Scale, The Beck Depression Inventory, the Clinical Anxiety Scale, and the Generalized Expectancy of Success Scale were administered in pretest, posttest, and a three-month follow-up format. Results revealed an amelioration of PTSD, depression, and anxiety symptoms in the experimental condition only across the posttest and follow-up periods. Concomitantly, the experimental condition showed significant increases in generalized expectancy of success, while the control condition did not. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)